Timeline  Before 1699
Before Railways Early Lines Trunk Lines Later constructions  The grouping National Closures more Reduced Privatisation

Before 1699

This sets the scene in Britain, and particularly Scotland, before the Industrial Revolution.

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1505 Birth of John Knox
1542 Birth of Mary, Queen of Scots
1557 Covenanters The "Supplicants" sign the first Covenant.
1559, 2 May John Knox returns to Scotland from exile
1561, 19 August Mary Queen of Scots arrives in Leith from France
1566 Birth of James VI
1567, 24 July Mary Queen of Scots abdicates in favour of James VI
1572 Death of John Knox
1578 James VI takes control of the Government of Scotland
1585 First English Colonisation of America Attempted Founded by Sir Walter Raleigh this colony, at Roanoke Island in what is now North Carolina, failed.
1587, 9 February Mary Queen of Scots executed
1600 Birth of Charles I
1603, March Union of Crowns King James VI of Scotland is crowned King James I of England on the Death of Queen Elizabeth I
1625 Coronation of Charles I Death of James
1630 Birth of Charles II
1633 Birth of James II Brother of Charles II
1638 The Scottish Convenanters assert their Right, under God, to national sovereignty
1649, January Charles I executed He was found guilty of waging war on his own people.
1649 Coronation of Charles II  Becomes King of Scotland
1649 England becomes a republic Oliver Cromwell dissolves the Monarchy, Charles II flees
1650 Birth of William of Orange
1653, 16 December Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of Great Britain
1660 Charles II becomes King again
1660 Royal Society formed
1662 Birth of Mary
1665 Great Fire of London
1665 Birth of Anne
1665 Second Dutch War New Amsterdam is seized and becomes New York
1677 Marriage of William of Orange and Mary Charles II illustrates he is Protestant to his people
1685 Coronation of James VII and II Death of Charles II
1689 Coronation of William III and Mary II  James II flees to France on arrival in Britain of William of Orange on 5 November 1688
1690, 12 July Battle of the Boyne William of Orange (Protestant) defeats James II (Catholic) in Ireland 
1692, 13 February Massacre of Glencoe
1694 Mary II dies, leaving William III as sole Ruler of Britain
1694, 27 July Bank of England founded By a Scotsman!
1695 Bank of Scotland founded
1698, October First Scottish Colonists arrive at the Darien Heights New Edinburgh founded. The scheme failled.
Before Railways

Page last edited on 18/03/98
Page editor : Ewan Crawford
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